Locomotive stack and draft device.



W. ELMEH.

LOCOMOTIVE STACK AM) DRAFT DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED numao. ms.

1 239.370, Patented Sept. 4,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I t INVENTOR Ira/am [Ma/ Br A TTORNEYS WILLIAM-ELMER, orBUFFALO, NEW YORK.

LOCOMOTIVE STACK AND DRAFT DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 1917.

Application filed August 80, 1916. Serial No. 117,638.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM 151mm, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Bufialo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, haveinvented a new and I mproved Locomotive Stack and Draft Device, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved locomotivestack and draft device arranged to discharge large particles of coke andcinder-s through the stack thus preventing the accumulation of the cokeand cinders in the smoke box and thereby providing a self-cleaning smokebox. A further object is to insure a rapid passage and free escape ofthe products of combustionthrough the smoke stack under the influence ofexhaust jets with a View to avoid the breaking or lowering of the vacuumand to prevent restriction of the exhaust jets to avoid back pressure inthe engine cylinders and thus insure the maximum pulling power of thelocomotive.

In order to produce the desired result use is made of a stack providedwith a series of nested conduits and an exhaust nozzle having a seriesof independent tips centrally disposed below the entrance ends of thesaid conduits.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in theaccompanying draw-- ings forming a part of this specification, in whichsimilar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all theviews.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section of the forward end of alocomotive boiler and it's smoke box provided with the im -provedlocomotive stack and draft device certain well known parts being omittedin order that the invention may clearly appear;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional. plan view of the exhaust nozzle on theline 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the smoke box onthe line 33 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view of the stack and its conduits, thesection being on the lii'ie H of Fig. 3.

The smoke stack 10 is fastened by the usual ring 11 to the top of thesmoke box 12 and the said stack 10 is so arranged that the upper portionprojects above the smoke box 12 while the lower end extends into thesmoke box and its bottom is disposed a distance above the table plate13. Within the smoke box 12 is arranged a conduit 14 around which aregrouped a number of similar conduits 15, preferably six in number, asplainly indicated in Fig. 4. The lower ends of the conduits 14 and 15are preferably flush with the lower end of the stack 10 while the upperends of the said conduits are preferably a distance below the top of thesmoke stack 10 but may extend up to or above the top thereof.

Centrally below the conduit 14 is arranged an exhaust nozzle tip 16 andsimilar tips 17 are disposed centrally below the conduits 15, and theseveral tips 16 and 17 are connected with the top of the exhaust nozzle18 arranged in the lower portion of the smoke box 12. By reference toFigs. 1 and 3 it will be seen that the tips 16 and 17 project throughthe table plate 13 and terminate a distance below the conduits 14 and15. The exit ends of the tips 16 and 17 are preferably slightlycontracted.

By the arrangement described the exhaust steam from the locomotiveengine passing into the exhaust nozzle 18 is directed by the tips 16 and17 centrally into the lower ends of the conduits 14 and 15 to provide afree escape of the exhaust steam and to produce the desired draft in theconduits 14 and 15 for the rapid passage and free escape of the productsof combos-i tiou arising from the burning fuel in the fire box of theboiler.

It will be noticed that each of the exhaust nozzle tips 16 and 17 canfill the corresponding conduit 14 or 15 uniformly with steam over itsentire area. to insure the desired draft and to provide a free escapefor the exhaust steam. By the arrangement described a high vacuum canbeobtained in the front end with little back pressure against thepistons of the locomotive engines.

The products of combustion in the fire box. that is, the gases, sparks,and cinders passing through the flues'30, enter the smoke box 12 and aredeflected downward toward the bottom by the diaphragm 19. After passingunder the table plate 13, which is an extension of the diaphragm 19, thecurrentof gases, sparks, and cinders is thrown upwardly through thenetting 21, and discharged outwardly through the stack 10. The height ofthe table plate 13 is chosen so as to leave an area from the bottom ofthe smoke box to the lower surface of the table plate of about 75% ofthe tire area through the tubes. This insures a high velocity for thegases, sparks and cinders at this point so that the large particles ofcoke and cinders drawn through the tubes will be battered against thenetting 21,

broken up and thrown out through the stack thereby constituting aself-cleaning front end.

In order to produce the best results in devices of this character fourvariables must be taken into account, namely, first, the aggregate areasof the exhaust tips 16 and 17 of the exhaust nozzle, which may be toogreat to permit a sufficiently high velocity of the exhaust steam, and'may be too small and thus increase the back pressure on the cylinders;second, the diameter of the small stack conduits 14, 15 which can bemade so large as not to be filled by the steam jets or so small as to bechoked by the gases; third, the length of the stack conduits 14 and 15,which can be so short as to permit the vacuum to be broken betweenexhausts or so long as to increase the friction of the mixed column ofexhaust steam and gases thereby lowering the available vacuum; and,fourth, the distance from the bottoms of the stack conduits 14 and 15 tothe exit ends of the exhaust nozzle tips 16 and 17 which can he so largeas to permit a corresponding steam jet to overflow the edges of theconduits, or so small as to permit choking of the entrance thereto.

As shown in the drawings, the exit ends of the exhaust nozzle tips 16and 17 are upproxinnitely midway between the table plate 13 and thelower ends of the conduits 1i and 15. By the arrangement shown and described the above requirements are properly fulfilled and the desiredresult is obtained.

In order to produce draft While the locomotive is not using steam, useis made of an annular steam chamber 40arrangcd on the inner sides of theupper ends of the tips 1? and disposed concentrically relative to thetips 16 and 17 between the central tip 16 and the outer tips 17. Thechamber 40 is provided with lugs 41 having legs 42 rising from the tableplate 13, and the lower reduced ends 43 of the legs 42 extend throughthe table plate 13 and are engaged by keys 4i engaging the under side ofthe table plate 13 to securely fasten the chamber 40 in position. Thechamber 40 is connected by the usual pipe 45 with a live steam supplyunder the control of the engineer, and the chamber 40 is provided withupwardly and outwardly inclined nozzles 46 for directing steam to theentrance ends of the conduits 15 whenever it is desired to produce aforced draft. The chamber 40 is provided with a. pllllg 47.

aving thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters 1 A locomotive stack and draft device, including acylindrical stack provided with a plurality of cylindrical conduitsnested within the stack with their axes parallel to the axis of thestack.

1!. A. locomotive stack and draft device, comprising a smoke box, adiaphragm having a table plate in the smoke box, a cylindrical stackextending into the smoke box with its lower end a distance above thesaid table plate, a plurality of cylindrical conduits nested within thestack, and an exhaust ,nozzle in the smoke box below the table plate andhaving a series of nozzle tips extending upward through the table plateand terminating centrally below the entrance ends of the said conduitsat points midway between the table plate and the lower end of the stack.

3. A locomotive stack and draft device comprising a cylindrical stack, aplurality of cylindrical conduits, nested within the stack, an exhaustnozzle having a series of independent tips each centrally disposed belowthe entrance ends of one of the said conduits, and a live steam chamberprovided with nozzles each inclined upwardly and also directly towardthe entrance end of one of the said conduits.

e. A locomotive stack and draft device comprising a cylindrical stackprovided with a plurality of c lindrical conduits of which one isarrange centrally within the stack and the others grouped around thecentral one, an exhaust nozzle having a series of independent tipsdischarging centrally into the entrance ends of the said conduits, anannular steam chamber connected w th the live steam of the boiler andarranged concentrically with the said series of nozzle tips, and nozzlesextending from the said steam chamber and discharging upwardly into thelower ends of the said conduits.

WILLIAM ELMER.

W itnesses:

Gnu. D. HALL, GEO. L. BRAUN.

